MONTH

GROSS-MOTOR

FINE-MOTOR

COGNITIVE VISUAL

COMMUNICATION

SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL

NEW

BORN

Closes the fists & curls toes when hands & feet are stroked, sucking, swallowing

Startles(extends the arms & legs & quickly brings back in) at sudden movement & loud noises, looks for nipple or bottle to feed on, makes gurgling noises

1

Head move side to side,

Moves arms & legs,

Firm Grip

Gazes at hands, fingers & object, coos

Seems happy when you talk or smile at the baby

2

Head & neck holding when on tummy, kicks both the legs

Opens & closes the hands

Starts to play with fingers, calms down when picked up, coos

Smiles responsively

3

Reaches out for objects & grabs them, props up on elbows when on tummy

Holds objects in hands

follows moving objects with eyes, coos, gurgling noises

Mimics you as you stick out your tongue, chuckles, will try turn to look for you when they hear you

4

Props up on hands when on tummy time, holds head steady when you are holding

Grabs objects & gets them, brings hands to mouth

may begin teething, turns head towards sound of your voice, makes oos & ahhs, sounds back when you talk to baby,

Enjoys play time, may cry when it ends

5

Rolls over in one direction or other

Begins to transfer objects from one hand to other

Makes sounds to show joy & displeasure

Laughs, reaches for mom or papa, cry if you are out of sight, bored if left alone for too long.

6

Rolls from stomach to back, leans on hands to support when sitting

Uses hands to swipe the objects

Babbles, blows raspberries (brings the tongue out & blows), closes lips to show that more food is not required

Begins to recognise familiar faces, likes objects that make sound (vessels, musical toys…)

7

Moves around, may scoot or crawl, rocks back & forth on their hands & knees, dragging & banging the objects, likes to bounce up & down

Begins to use thumb & finger

Memory will get better so looks for something when it’s covered or dropped down on the floor, exploring the objects & putting them in their mouth, tries to understand the emotions from tone of your voice like harshly or softly Babbles & make noise to grab the attention

Reacts to your expressions or emotions, enjoys when you are with them

8

Sits well unsupported, may be crawling or shuffling their bottom

Starts to clap hands, able to scoop up food & hold it in their fist

Responds actively to familiar words like their name, able to see you from across the room, looking for objects & point at things with their index finger

Smiles while playing interactive games like peek-a-boo, feels comfortable when you are around & may become stressed or anxious if you are not there

9

Comes to sitting position, tries to climb/crawl up stairs but coming back is challenging.

Picks up small things using thumb & forefinger, can feed small bits of food

bangs two things together, put objects in a container & plays with toys  having movable parts

learns object permanence-that things or people out of sight but still exist, points at things, make different sounds, might stop when you say “no”

Displays stranger anxiety

10

Begins to pull up to stand using the furniture

Piles up & sorts toys

Waves bye-bye,  raises arms to be picked up, looks for hidden objects, reaching out & grabbing things or throw them, changes tone while making sounds,

Learns cause & effect relationship like I cry, mom comes

11

Begins to cruise with support of furniture

Turns pages when you read to them

Finally says mumma or papa or dada or nana, communicating in ways like nodding, waving, pointing & grunting.

Uses mealtime games (pushing food items or vessels away), express food preferences

12

(1 year)

May stand independently & may take few steps

Assists in dressing up like pushing hands into sleeves, starts to use spoon with lot of spills, likes to pick small bits of food

opens cabinet doors,

understands no

(pauses briefly or stops when you say), looks for things he sees you hide, like a toy under the blanket, says around 2-3 words, shows interest in picture books

Plays imitation games like pretending to talk on phone, place small things into larger containers, cries when parent leaves, Imitates talking into phone, pushing car, brushing hair, pokes with pointer finger

18

Walks alone, pulls toys while walking, climbs on & off the furniture  

takes things apart, builds with blocks, scribbles with crayon, uses fingers to feed own-self some food

Tries to follow 1 step command,

Understands many things said, points to what they want, points to pictures in book, says more than 10 words, knows purpose of some things like brushes & phones

Tries to get attention of others, points to body parts, points to show others something, claps when excited. May start to show temper tantrums & might pester for things that are denied.

24

(2 years)

Kicks a ball, begins to run, stands on tiptoe, uses stairs alternating feet, enjoys ride on toys, starts to dance in place to music

Throws ball overhead, strings the beads or rings on a string, scribbles with pen or pencil, tries to brush teeth, turns the cap of bottle to open, uses switches, knobs or buttons, eats with spoon

Tries to follow 2 step direction, begins to sort shapes & colours, can help with simple chores,  requests food or drinks, may begin potty training, points to familiar things or pictures when named, knows name of familiar people, knows atleast one-two body parts, repeats words over heard, names some items in a book like car, dog, elephant, apple etc

Laughs at unusual things, is excited with other children, play begins to involve other children, shows defiant behaviour, no expectation of sharing, notices when others are hurt or upset & like pausing or looking sad when someone is crying

27

Enjoys push & pull toys, can use a ride on toy, enjoys sliding, enjoys playing in water

Starting to comb hair and wipe up the spills, likes puzzle with knobs, applies a cream or lotion with fingers

Potty training in progress, gets 2-year molar teeth, starts to dress on own, says two-three word sentences, tries to repeat nursery rhymes & songs, small  part of speech is understandable

Has strong feelings but trouble expressing them, laughs at silly things, has friends, begins to follow simple rules, has trouble sharing,  solves simple problems

30

Enjoys swinging, climbing, kicks a ball towards a goal, walks up & down stairs, builds tower of blocks,will help you wash in the bath

Pulls on pants & socks, brushes teeth, washes & dries hands, pulls rubber bands

practicing taking turn, attention span increased, understands big & small, looks at books & can identify some animals, birds in pictures, shows simple problem-solving skill like standing on small stool to reach something, knows at least one colour,

asks questions,

most part of speech is understandable, names many common objects & familiar actions

Plays with other children, refers to self by name, begins to share with others, follows simple routine like helping to pick up toys when you say-it’s clean up time or gives you clothes one by one to put them on stand or rope to dry.

33

Runs & stops without tripping, avoids obstacles while running, pedals a tricycle

starts to button & zip on the cloth, wiggles both thumbs, catches a ball,

Gets a snack from the pantry,

Answers yes or no in questions, says first & last name, names some pictures in book

Helps set table, refuses somethings, follows simple rules

36

(3 years)

Jumps with both feet, climbs well, runs easily, pedals a trike, puts on some cloth like loose pant or jacket.

Practices with zipper snaps, buttons, puts on shoes, uses a napkin, dresses the self except for buttons, turns pages of book one by one, turns a door handle, copies a circle

Knows most part of the body, can follow two- step commands, completes puzzle with 3-4 pieces, avoids touching hot object like a stove when u warn them, Repeats numbers & alphabets in a row, can name most of the familiar things, names family & friend, talks in conversation with 3 sentences, asks questions like where is momma/papa

Has wide range of emotions, understands mine & his/her, shows affection for playmates, takes turn in games, has empathy

48

(4 years)

Catches a ball, serves herself food or water with supervision, learns to balance on one foot & hop

unbuttons some buttons, holds crayon between thumb &  fingers, copies shapes & letters

Names few colours, says sentences with four or more words, recites familiar songs & rhymes,  answers simple question like what is crayon for ?, talks at least one thing that happened during day, understands most of the instructions you give about familiar things & places

Asks to go to play with other children, likes to help, tries to comforts other who are hurt like hugging a crying friend, changes behaviour based on where he is like place of worship, playground, library, do not have as many temper tantrums as before, self esteem develops with encouragement

60

(5 years)

Skipping, jumping , running hops on one foot, swinging, kicking & catching balls

Writes some letters, makes drawing, tasks like getting dressed, going to toilet, using spoon, brush are easier then before

Likes to do simple chores, counts 1 to 10, pays attention for 5 to 10 minutes during activities, tells a short story that is heard or an event, keeps conversation going with more then three back & forth exchanges, uses simple rhymes like bat cat, ball tall, names some letters when you point at them, talks about ideas, feeling & what’s happening in their brains like don’t know oe can’t remember, uses connecting words like when & but, understands the meaning of some opposites like high & low, dark & light

Sings, dances, acts for you, follows rules like taking turns while playing games with other children